Psychometric Support for a Brazilian Version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport (MATS-B).

In this study, we investigated psychometric support for a version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport (MATS) that would be suitable for Brazilian athletes. Four translators participated in the back-translation of this instrument from English to Portuguese, two specialists synthesized the Portuguese and English back-translation versions, and 10 experts assessed the questionnaire items and judged their content validity. To evaluate structural validity, we performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We evaluated internal item reliability with a sample of 447 athletes who completed the adapted measure (the MATS-B). Finally, 202 other athletes completed both the MATS-B and a second measure of collective efficacy (CEQS-B) to provide external validity correlates. With these data, the MATS-B now provides valid and reliable data supporting its use with Brazilian athletes in an adapted assessment tool that aligns with the conceptual framework of teamwork in sports.

Validação da Escala de Autoeficácia no Voleibol para atletas de base (VSES-B) / Validación de la Escala de Autoeficacia de Voleibol para deportistas jóvenes (VSES-B) / Validation of the Volleyball Self-Efficacy Scale for youth athletes (VSES-B)

The aim of this study was to psychometrically test the Volleyball Self-Efficacy Scale for Brazilian athletes from youth categories. The study was conducted in four stages, with four different sample groups. For content-based evidence analysis, a group of 20 athletes participated, with a mean age of 14.30 ± 1.17 years and practice time of 4.60 ± 2.10 years, for semantic analysis, after a group of four students, with a mean age of 35.75 ± 12.23 years and experience time 25.0 ± 11.02 years, to verify the semantic analysis and another group of 20 athletes, with a mean age of 14.45 ± 1.30 years and practice time 5.50 ± 2.20 years for the pilot study. To test the evidence based on the internal structure and the evidence based on other variables, a group of 454 base athletes, of both sexes, with a mean age of 14.33 ± 1.18 years and practice time 3.79 ± 2.13 years was verified. The results pointed to evidence based on content, evidence based on internal structure and evidence based on other variables, through convergent validity (collective efficacy and results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and discriminant (Average Variance Extracted and correlation between the dimensions of the VSES-B). The validation process of the Volleyball Self-Efficacy Scale for Base Athletes allows us to conclude that the instrument has good psychometric properties to measure self-efficacy, considering technical, tactical, conditioning and psychological skills of emotional cognitive self-control that are part of the sport context of the modality. In addition, it provides relevant information for the development of future psychometric research based on contemporary validity references.

El objetivo de este estudio fue probar psicométricamente la Escala de Autoeficacia del Voleibol para deportistas brasileños de categorías juveniles. El estudio se llevó a cabo en cuatro etapas, con cuatro grupos de muestra diferentes. Para el análisis de evidencia basada en contenido, participó un grupo de 20 deportistas, con una edad media de 14.30 ± 1.17 años y tiempo de práctica de 4.60 ± 2.10 años, para el análisis semántico, después de un grupo de cuatro académicos, con una edad media de 35.75 ± 12.23 años y tiempo de experiencia 25.0 ± 11.02 años, para verificar el análisis semántico y otro grupo de 20 deportistas, con una edad media de 14.45 ± 1.30 años y tiempo de práctica 5.50 ± 2.20 años para el estudio piloto. Para probar la evidencia basada en la estructura interna y la evidencia basada en otras variables, se verificó un grupo de 454 atletas de base, de ambos sexos, con una edad media de 14.33 ± 1.18 años y tiempo de práctica 3.79 ± 2.13 años. Los resultados apuntaron a evidencia basada en contenido, evidencia basada en estructura interna y evidencia basada en otras variables, mediante validez convergente (eficacia colectiva y resultados del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio) y discriminante (Varianza Media Extraída y correlación entre las dimensiones del VSES-B). El proceso de validación de la Escala de Autoeficacia de Voleibol para Atletas de Base nos permite concluir que el instrumento tiene buenas propiedades psicométricas para medir la autoeficacia, considerando las habilidades técnicas, tácticas, condicionantes y psicológicas de autocontrol cognitivo emocional que forman parte del contexto deportivo de la modalidad. Además, proporciona información relevante para el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones psicométricas basadas en referencias de validez contemporáneas.

O objetivo deste estudo foi testar psicometricamente a Escala de Autoeficácia no Voleibol para atletas brasileiros de categorias de base. O estudo foi conduzido em quatro etapas, com quatro diferentes grupos amostrais. Para análise das evidências baseadas no conteúdo, participaram um grupo de 20 atletas, com média de idade 14.30 ± 1.17 anos e tempo de prática 4.60 ± 2.10 anos, para análise semântica, logo após um grupo de quatro acadêmicos, com média de idade 35.75 ± 12.23 anos e tempo de experiência 25.0 ± 11.02 anos, para verificação da análise semântica e outro grupo de 20 atletas, com média de idade 14.45 ± 1.30 anos e tempo de prática 5.50 ± 2.20 anos para o estudo piloto. Para testar as evidências baseadas na estrutura interna e as evidências baseadas em outras variáveis, um grupo de 454 atletas de base, de ambos os sexos, com média de idade 14.33 ± 1.18 anos e tempo de prática 3.79 ± 2.13 anos foi verificado. Os resultados apontaram para evidências baseadas no conteúdo, evidências baseadas na estrutura interna e evidências baseadas em outras variáveis, por meio da validade convergente (eficácia coletiva e resultados da Análise Fatorial Confirmatória) e discriminante (Variância Média Extraída e correlação entre as dimensões da VSES-B). O processo de validação da Escala de Autoeficácia no Voleibol para Atletas de Base permite concluir que o instrumento possui boas propriedades psicométricas para mensurar a autoeficácia, considerando aspectos técnicos, táticos, condicionantes e habilidades psicológicas de autocontrole cognitivo emocional que fazem parte do contexto esportivo da modalidade. Além disso, fornece informações relevantes para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas psicométricas futuras baseadas em referências contemporâneas de validade.

Validity evidence of the Brazilian version of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sports Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2BR).

In sports context, the motivational climate has been widely studied since 2000, when the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sports Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2) was published. Evaluating athletes' perceptions of the motivational climate created by the coach, this questionnaire has been validated and adapted for different countries, including Brazil. However, important psychometric properties of the Brazilian version present problems, such as poor fit indices and the almost exclusively male samples, make it unfeasible for use in future research. Thus, this study aimed to achieve a new process of cross-cultural adaptation, and search for validity evidence of the PMCSQ-2 for the Brazilian sports context to correct distortions, expand the sources of evidence of validity and ecological validity, and make it suitable for application in future research. The sample consisted of 501 athletes (349 males, 152 females) from different sports. The findings of the current study support the multidimensional hierarchical characteristic of the instrument, its factorial structure, and internal consistency. We concluded that the 33-item PMCSQ-2BR, distributed in two high-order scales (ego-involving and task-involving) with three subscales each, can be used to assess athletes' perceived motivational climate in the Brazilian sports context.

Psychological aspects of soccer and futsal players: A systematic review / Aspectos psicológicos em jogadores de futebol e futsal: Uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Introduction: The present systematic review aimed to compile the information available in the literature having to do with sport psychology regarding futsal and soccer players, in order to identify which psychological constructs are being investigated in these athletes and by means of which instruments and analysis techniques. Method: The search was carried out in the APA (PsycINFO), EBSCO (SportDiscus), PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, BVS and EMBASE databases, with the following descriptors: psychological construct; psychological factor; psychological variable; psychological phenomenon; soccer; futsal and athlete, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Results: Initially, 66 studies met the established eligibility criteria. Of these, 46 studies were conducted with soccer players, 19 with futsal players and one with athletes who participate in both sports. The psychological constructs most studied in the soccer modality were anxiety, stress, motivation, coping, motivational climate, depression, self-efficacy and group cohesion. With regard to the futsal modality, the most studied psychological constructs were group cohesion, perfectionism, motivation, athlete satisfaction, leadership style, perceived parenting styles and burnout. Conclusions: Group cohesion was associated with several other psychological aspects of an individual nature, with cohesion being the construct of both modalities which is of the greatest interest to researchers possibly because it is a collective modality. It can be established that important psychological factors have not been studied in soccer and futsal modalities, especially among female athletes. Therefore, it is recommended that the research carried out with male athletes be extended to include female populations.

Resumo Introdução: O presente estudo de revisão sistemática procurou compilar informações disponibilizadas na literatura quanto aos estudos da psicologia do esporte em jogadores de futsal e futebol, com a finalidade de identificar quais construtos psicológicos estão sendo estudados nesse público e por quais instrumentos e técnicas de análise. Método: A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados APA (PsycINFO), EBSCO (SportDiscus), PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, BVS e EMBASE, com os seguintes descritores: construto psicológico; fator psicológico; variável psicológica; fenômeno psicológico; futebol; futsal e atleta, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: Foram selecionados 66 estudos por meio dos critérios de elegibilidade estabelecidos. Destes, 46 estudos foram conduzidos com jogadores de futebol, 19 com jogadores de futsal e um com atletas de ambas as modalidades. Os construtos psicológicos mais estudados na modalidade de futebol foram ansiedade, estresse, motivação, coping, clima motivacional, depressão, autoeficácia e coesão grupal. Os construtos psicológicos mais estudados na modalidade de futsal foram coesão de grupo, perfeccionismo, motivação, satisfação do atleta, estilo de liderança, estilos parentais percebidos e burnout. Conclusão: A coesão grupal foi associada a diversos outros aspectos psicológicos de natureza individual, sendo a coesão o construto de maior interesse dos pesquisadores de ambas as modalidades, possivelmente, por serem modalidades coletivas. Pode-se identificar que fatores psicológicos importantes não foram estudados nas modalidades de futebol e futsal, em especial junto a atletas do sexo feminino. Recomenda-se, assim, que pesquisas realizadas com atletas do sexo masculino sejam também conduzidas com a população feminina.

Validity evidence of the Brazilian version of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sports Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2BR)

In sports context, the motivational climate has been widely studied since 2000, when the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sports Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2) was published. Evaluating athletes' perceptions of the motivational climate created by the coach, this questionnaire has been validated and adapted for different countries, including Brazil. However, important psychometric properties of the Brazilian version present problems, such as poor fit indices and the almost exclusively male samples, make it unfeasible for use in future research. Thus, this study aimed to achieve a new process of cross-cultural adaptation, and search for validity evidence of the PMCSQ-2 for the Brazilian sports context to correct distortions, expand the sources of evidence of validity and ecological validity, and make it suitable for application in future research. The sample consisted of 501 athletes (349 males, 152 females) from different sports. The findings of the current study support the multidimensional hierarchical characteristic of the instrument, its factorial structure, and internal consistency. We concluded that the 33-item PMCSQ-2BR, distributed in two high-order scales (ego-involving and task-involving) with three subscales each, can be used to assess athletes' perceived motivational climate in the Brazilian sports context. (AU)

A Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS): Validity Evidence for a Brazilian Version.

This three-part study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS) for Brazilian athletes. In Study 1, six translators and six specialists developed a Portuguese version of the CEQS (the CEQS-B), and 10 experts and 10 sports participants provided content validity evidence based on test content. In Study 2, 553 athletes completed the CEQS-B, and we provided evidence of construct and convergent validity for the test's internal structure through factor analysis and of reliability evidence based on the instrument's internal consistency and temporal stability. In Study 3, 79 athletes completed both the new CEQS-B and the Group Cohesion Questionnaire, and we provided evidence of concurrent validity for the CEQS-B, based on its relationship to other variables, with specific strong correlations between team task cohesion and collective efficacy among these participants. Overall, the results of this study support the use of the CEQS-B by researchers and professionals wishing to assess various sport athletes' self-perceived collective efficacy.

Collective efficacy in soccer teams: a systematic review.

Collective efficacy, defined as a group's shared belief about its conjoint capability to organize and execute courses of action, plays a pivotal role in understanding the dynamics of sports teams, since it influences what individuals choose to do as team members, how much they invest in motivational terms to perform actions, how much they work collectively, and for how long they persist despite failure. Through a systematic review, it was investigated how collective efficacy has been assessed in the context of soccer and which indicators, attributes, and psychometric properties have been contemplated in the instruments used. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 22 articles were retrieved through electronic databases (APA PsycINFO; SPORTDiscus; Science Direct; BVS; Web of Science; Scopus; PubMed; and Scielo), using as descriptors, in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, collective efficacy and soccer, combined by the Boolean operators AND and OR. The study did not delimit the initial year of publication for the searches carried out, including all articles found until January 14, 2021 (date of the last update). The following eligibility criteria were adopted: scientific articles published in journals; original studies, which specified the instrument used to assess collective efficacy and carried out with soccer athletes. Five instruments (FCEQ, CEQS, CEI, CEC, and CEQsoccer) that evaluated technical-tactical and psychological attributes associated with collective efficacy in soccer players were identified. In most studies, psychometric properties were restricted to content validity and reliability (internal consistency), and there were no suitable validation processes for the instruments used to measure collective efficacy, which can be considered a limiting factor for understanding this psychological construct in soccer modality.

Collective efficacy in soccer teams: a systematic review

Abstract Collective efficacy, defined as a group's shared belief about its conjoint capability to organize and execute courses of action, plays a pivotal role in understanding the dynamics of sports teams, since it influences what individuals choose to do as team members, how much they invest in motivational terms to perform actions, how much they work collectively, and for how long they persist despite failure. Through a systematic review, it was investigated how collective efficacy has been assessed in the context of soccer and which indicators, attributes, and psychometric properties have been contemplated in the instruments used. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 22 articles were retrieved through electronic databases (APA PsycINFO; SPORTDiscus; Science Direct; BVS; Web of Science; Scopus; PubMed; and Scielo), using as descriptors, in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, collective efficacy and soccer, combined by the Boolean operators AND and OR. The study did not delimit the initial year of publication for the searches carried out, including all articles found until January 14, 2021 (date of the last update). The following eligibility criteria were adopted: scientific articles published in journals; original studies, which specified the instrument used to assess collective efficacy and carried out with soccer athletes. Five instruments (FCEQ, CEQS, CEI, CEC, and CEQsoccer) that evaluated technical-tactical and psychological attributes associated with collective efficacy in soccer players were identified. In most studies, psychometric properties were restricted to content validity and reliability (internal consistency), and there were no suitable validation processes for the instruments used to measure collective efficacy, which can be considered a limiting factor for understanding this psychological construct in soccer modality.

Self-efficacy in volleyball: What has been evaluated? A systematic review / Autoeficacia en voleibol: ¿Qué se ha evaluado? Una revisión sistemática / Autoeficácia no voleibol: O que se tem avaliado? Uma revisão sistemática

Self-efficacy in sport has been the purpose of study in different modalities, among them the volleyball. The aim of the study was to verify by means of a systematic review what has been evaluated volleyball self-efficacy. The databases APA, Bireme, Eric, Science Direct, Pubmed and Scopus were used to carry out the searches. After the research, the articles were selected, using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 7 articles by the theme. The result points a absence of clarity in the instruments for assessing self-efficacy in volleyball with respect to what they intend to measure in relation to technical, tactical, physical or psychological attributes. In addition, few articles have pointed the psychometric properties of the instruments used in the research, which implies, in practical terms, inaccurate results, hindering the reproducibility of the studies. Therefore, it is suggested that specific instruments for the modality should be developed which present the statistical procedures used in order to obtain reliable results

La autoeficacia en el deporte ha sido motivo de estudio en diferentes modalidades, entre las que figura el voleibol. El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática para conocer lo que se ha evaluado en los estudios sobre autoeficacia en voleibol. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron APA PsycInfo, Bireme Eric, Science Direct, PubMed y Scopus. A partir de esta búsqueda, siguiendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se seleccionaron 7 artículos. Los resultados apuntan a la falta de claridad en los instrumentos de evaluación de la autoeficacia en el voleibol en lo referente a lo que pretenden medir de los atributos técnicos, tácticos, físicos o psicológicos. Además, pocos artículos indicaron las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos utilizados, lo que conduce, en términos prácticos, a resultados imprecisos. Se sugiere que se desarrollen instrumentos específicos para el voleibol y que en los artículos se presenten los procedimientos estadísticos utilizados

A autoeficácia no esporte tem sido propósito de estudo com diferentes modalidades, entre elas o voleibol. O objetivo deste estudo de revisão sistemática foi verificar o que se tem avaliado sobre autoeficácia do voleibol. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados APA PsycInfo, Bireme, Eric, Science Direct, Pubmed e Scopus para efetuar as buscas. Após a pesquisa, os artigos foram selecionados, utilizando-se dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultando em 7 artigos. Os resultados apontam falta de clareza nos instrumentos de avaliação da autoeficácia no voleibol quanto ao que pretendem medir em relação aos atributos técnicos, táticos, físicos ou psicológicos. Além disso, poucos artigos apresentaram propriedades psicométricas dos instrumentos utilizados, o que implica, em termos práticos, em resultados imprecisos. Sugere-se a construção de instrumentos específicos para a modalidade que apresentem procedimentos estatísticos utilizados a fim de obter resultados fidedignos

Percepção de competência pessoal de tenistas / Percepción de competencia personal de tenistas / Perceived personal ompetence of tennis-players

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o grau de associação entre a percepção de competência pessoal (PPC) e o Aproveitamento Esportivo (AE) de atletas de tênis. A amostra, selecionada voluntariamente, não probabilística, consistiu em 29 atletas homens de tênis da Categoria até 12 anos de idade 11.99 ± 0.54 anos, de acordo com o ranking brasileiro. Foi utilizada a Ficha Técnica da Confederação Brasileira de Tênis (CBT) e a Escala de Percepção de Competências - EPC (Harter, 1985, adaptada de Valentini, 2010). Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o teste de regressão linear simples, com um nível de significância de p <0.05. A categoria de tênis até 12 M apresentou alta PCP (3.07 ± 0.32), que foi associada positivamente com EC em categorías PC Atlética (p<0.03, r=0.40) e PC Afetiva (p<0.05, r=0.37). Os outros domínios da PCP não mostraram associação significativa com AE. Acredita-se que os atletas podem desenvolver uma PCP mais realista, em comparação com seus próprios rendimentos e se tornarem mais intrinsecamente motivados para esportes. Os resultados sugerem a importância de encorajar as crianças a participar de competições voltadas para alcançar metas de desempenho e encontrar resultados positivos e proporcionar aos atletas situações que promovam o sucesso e aumentem experiências positiva (AU)

El objetivo do estudio fue verificar el grado de asociación entre la percepción competencia personal (PPC) y el aprovechamiento deportivo de tenistas. La muestra, seleccionada de forma voluntaria, no probabilística, constaba de 29 atletas de tenis Categoría de hasta 12 años hombres (edad 11.99 ± 0.54 años), de acuerdo con el ranking brasileño. Se utilizó la Hoja de Datos Técnicos de la Confederación Brasileña de Tenis (CBT) y la Escala de Percepción de Competencia - EPC (Harter, 1985, adaptado de Valentini, 2010). Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó el test de regresión lineal simple, con un nivel de significación de p<0.05. El tenistas Categoría de hasta 12 M mostró alto PCP (3.07 ± 0.32), que se asoció positivamente con la AE en el PC categorías Athletic (p<0.03, r=0.40) y PC afectiva (p<0.05, r=0.37). Los otros dominios de la PCP (PC Escuela, PC Apariencia Física, PC Conductual y PC Auto-Concepto General) no mostraron asociación significativa con el aprovechamiento deportivo de tenistas. Se cree que los atletas pueden desarrollar una PCP más realista, en comparación con sus propios ingresos y motivarse intrínsecamente más para los deportes. Los resultados sugieren la importancia de estimular a los niños a participar en competiciones orientadas para alcanzar a la consecución de los objetivos de rendimiento y de buscar resultados positivos para proporcionar a los atletas situaciones que promuevan el éxito y aumentar las experiencias positivas de una manera controlada y adecuado a sus necesidades (AU)

The present study aimed to determine the degree of association between the Perceived Personal Competence (PCP) with sporting use of tennis players. The sample, selected on a voluntary basis, non-probabilistic, consisted of 29 tennis players Category Under 12 Years Male (mean age 11.99 ± 0.54 years), participants of the Brazilian rank. The instruments used for the data collection were an anamnesis questionnaire, the player’s technical sheet of Brazilian Tennis Confederation (CBT) and the Perceived Competence Scale - PCS (Harter, 1985, adapted to Portuguese by Valentini, 2010). It was used the simple linear regression model, adopting as confidence interval p<0.05 to data analysis. The results indicated that the tennis players Category Up to 12M feature high PCP (3.07 ± 0.32), which showed a positive association with success sport rate, in categories PC Athletic (p<0.03 and r=0.40) and PC Affective (p<0.05 and r=0.37). The remaining areas of the PCP showed no significant association with the success sport rate. The results suggest the importance of encouraging children to participate in achieving the targeted yield goals competitions and provide athletes situations that promote the success and enhance the positive experiences (AU)

Ansiedade estado pré-competitiva em atletas de voleibol infanto-juvenis / Pre-competitive state anxiety in infant juvenile volleyball athletes

Resumo Compreender a relação entre ansiedade-estado pré-competitiva e desempenho esportivo se constitui em importante meio para ajudar os esportistas a diagnosticar e controlar emoções. O presente estudo pretendeu: a) comparar o nível de ansiedade pré-competitiva entre atletas homens e mulheres, das equipes finalistas da Taça Paraná de Voleibol 2011; b) comparar os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva entre as equipes campeã e vice-campeã masculina, bem como entre as equipes campeã e vice-campeã feminina; c) comparar os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva dos atletas titulares e reservas, para as equipes de ambos os sexos; d) verificar a relação entre os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva e o tempo de prática dos atletas das equipes masculinas, bem como das equipes femininas. Participaram do estudo quatro equipes infanto-juvenis, finalistas da Taça Paraná 2011, totalizando 24 atletas do sexo feminino e 23 do sexo masculino (idade 16,16 ± 0,34 anos) e tempo de prática (4,97 ± 1,99 anos). Para avaliar a ansiedade pré-competitiva, utilizou-se o instrumento CSAI-2. As coletas ocorreram 30 minutos antes do início dos jogos finais. De forma geral, as equipes finalistas apresentaram níveis de ansiedade geral pré-competitiva similares, embora tenham sido encontradas diferenças significativas entre atletas mulheres titulares e reservas em relação à autoconfiança, sendo que as titulares apresentaram médias mais elevadas neste aspecto.(AU)

Abstract Understanding the relationship between pre-competitive state anxiety and sports performance are an important means to help sportsmen to diagnose and manage emotions. The present study aimed to: a) compare the level of pre-competitive anxiety among athletes men and women, the finalist teams of Paraná Cup Volleyball 2011; b) to compare the levels of pre-competitive anxiety among male champion teams and runners-up, as well as between female champion teams and runners-up; c) compare the levels of pre-competitive anxiety and reserves holders athletes for teams of both sexes; d) verify the relationship between the levels of pre-competitive anxiety and practice time for athletes of men's teams and the women's teams. Study participants were four youth teams, Paraná Cup finalists in 2011, totaling 24 female athletes and 23 male athletes (age 16.16 ± overall 0.34 years) and practice time 4.97 ± 1.99 years . To evaluate the pre-competitive anxiety, used the instrument CSAI-2. Sample occurred 30 minutes before the start of finals games. In general, the finalist teams had higher levels of general pre-competitive anxiety similar, although statistically significant differences between women athletes holders and reserves have been found in relation to the self-confidence, and the holders had higher average in this aspect.(AU)

Autoeficácia esportiva: uma revisão integrativa dos instrumentos de medida / Sports self-efficacy: an integrative review of measure instruments

O papel da autoeficácia no desempenho é foco de estudo no âmbito esportivo. O objetivo desta revisão integrativa foi verificar os instrumentos empregados para mensurar a autoeficácia relacionada ao desempenho esportivo e identificar suas propriedades psicométricas. Buscaram-se artigos nas bases de dados Eric, Scopus e APA (Psycnet), Scielo ScienceDirect e Pubmed com os descritores self-efficacy, sports, performance. Dos 13 estudos selecionados para análise, constatou-se que a maioria propôs instrumentos específicos para a pesquisa, seguindo recomendações do guia de construção de medidas de autoeficácia; apenas um artigo apresentou o processo de validação; a consistência interna foi a propriedade psicométrica mais reportada; não houve referência à reprodutibilidade dos instrumentos e tampouco divulgação dos instrumentos utilizados nas pesquisas. Conclui-se que a reprodutibilidade dos instrumentos permitiria maior confiabilidade na análise dos resultados e controle de variáveis cognitivas que afetam o rendimento esportivo e que um padrão ouro de avaliação da autoeficácia em contexto esportivo específico se faz necessário.

The role of self-efficacy on performance is the focus of study in sports. The aim of this integrative review was to assess the instruments used to measure self-efficacy related to sports performance and identify its psychometric properties. We searched for articles in databases Eric, Scopus and APA (Psycnet), Scielo ScienceDirect and Pubmed with descriptors self-efficacy, sports, performance. Of the 13 studies selected for analysis, it was found that most proposed specific instruments for research, following recommendations of the guide construction of measures of self-efficacy; just one article presented the validation process, the internal consistency was reported more psychometric property; there was no reference to the reproducibility of the instruments nor disclosure of the instruments used in research. It is concluded that the reproducibility of the instruments allow greater reliability in the results analysis and control of cognitive variables that affect sport performance and that a gold standard for assessing self-efficacy in specific sporting context is necessary.